Atherosclerosis and Vascular Inflammation – AVI
AVI reviews applications involving inflammation of the vascular system with a focus on the pathobiology of the blood vessels leading to atherogenesis, its reversal and prevention. There is an emphasis on macrophage biology and hyperlipidemia, involving transport and metabolism of cholesterol, lipoproteins and their oxidation derivatives. The effects of major risk factors such as diabetes, liver disease, aging, and smoking on the vasculature are considered. Most studies use cell cultures and animal systems with some human subject approaches.
Review Dates
Topics
- Lipoproteins in the vascular system and vascular disease: Function, metabolism, and oxidation. Cholesterol metabolism, and transport. Related gene expression and regulation, noncoding RNAs, post-translational modifications. Macrophage activation and regulation. Foam cell formation; plaque stability, plaque rupture and erosion. Cell-matrix interactions.
- Innate and adaptive immune mechanisms in vascular inflammation, atherosclerosis. Atheroprotection and vascular aging. Neutrophils, macrophages, monocyte subsets, T-cells and leukocytes. Cell migration, cell signaling, cytokines and chemokines, signal transduction.
- Endothelial and smooth muscle cell biology as related to atherosclerosis, vascular inflammation, plaque stability, or aneurysms. Lymphocyte-endothelial interactions and shear stress mechanotransduction mechanisms. Oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction: Reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive nitrogen species (RNS), nitric oxide (NO), and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS).
- Vascular disease and metabolic processes such as hyperlipidemia, abdominal aortic aneurysms, vascular calcification, adipose tissue inflammation, diabetes, atherothrombosis, vasculitis, autoimmune myocarditis.
- Effects of the environment on the vascular system. Exposure to toxins, drugs, nutritional components. The gut microbiome, lifestyle choices, diabetes and obesity. Sex specific and aging effects. Effects of turbulent blood flow, and arterial stiffening and vascular wall mechanics.
- Atherogenic mechanisms leading to myocardial infarction, stroke and peripheral artery disease.
Shared Interests and Overlaps
AVI and Hemostasis, Thrombosis, Blood Cells and Transfusion (HTBT) have shared interests in thrombosis. Applications that emphasize thrombosis in terms of atherosclerotic plaque rupture will be reviewed in AVI. Applications that emphasize all other thrombosis related subjects will be reviewed in HTBT.
AVI and Integrative Vascular Physiology and Pathology (IVPP) have shared interests in vascular inflammation and vascular responses due to environmental and physiological changes. Applications that emphasize blood flow and circulation will be reviewed in IVPP. Applications that emphasize atherosclerosis, addressing the role of hemodynamics in atherosclerotic plaque formation and rupture and in aneurysm formation and rupture will be reviewed in AVI.
AVI and Therapeutic Development and Preclinical Studies (TDPS) have shared interests in cardiovascular inflammatory disorders. Applications that emphasize mechanisms of action towards identifying potential therapeutic targets and/or delivering therapeutic agents aimed at treating cardiovascular inflammatory disorders such as atherosclerosis, vasculitis, myocarditis will be reviewed in TDPS. Applications that emphasize mechanisms of action of cardiovascular inflammatory disorders such as atherosclerosis, vasculitis, myocarditis will be reviewed in AVI.
AVI and Clinical Integrative Cardiovascular and Hematological Sciences (CCHS) have shared interests in atherosclerosis and inflammation of the vascular system. Applications that emphasize focus on clinical aspects of atherosclerosis and vascular inflammation in humans and human samples will be reviewed in CCHS. Applications that emphasize the basic and translational aspects of these topic areas in cellular and animal models will be assigned will be reviewed in AVI.
AVI and Nutrition and Metabolism in Health and Disease (NMHD) have shared interests in lipoproteins and cholesterol. Applications that emphasize the role of cholesterol, lipoproteins, and fatty acids - their synthesis, degradation, metabolism, utilization, and interorgan flux and turnover will be reviewed in INMP. Applications that emphasize lipoproteins and cholesterol in atherosclerosis, interactions of lipoproteins with vascular cells, the function of apolipoproteins and apolipoprotein gene expression will be reviewed in AVI.
AVI and Basic Mechanisms of Diabetes and Metabolism (BMDM) have shared interests in the investigation of adipose tissue depot biogenesis and remodeling. Application that emphasize on the modulation of adipocyte differentiation and function by vascular cells will be reviewed in BMDM. Applications that emphasize the understanding vascular cells, atherosclerosis, or vascular inflammation in the context of obesity will be reviewed in AVI.
AVI and Innate Immunity and Inflammation (III) have shared interests in inflammation. Applications that emphasize the basic aspects of innate immunity and inflammation will be reviewed in III. Applications that emphasize the inflammation of cardiovascular system will be reviewed in AVI.
AVI has shared interests with Brain Injury and Neurovascular Pathologies (BINP) and Acute Neural Injury and Epilepsy (ANIE) in vasculature. Applications that emphasize blood-brain barrier and vascular functions in development and treatment of neural injury will be reviewed in BINP, for animal studies, or ANIE, for human subjects. Applications that emphasize the role of hemodynamics in atherosclerotic plaque formation and rupture in aneurysm formation will be reviewed in AVI.
AVI and Intercellular Interactions (ICI) have shared interests in cell adhesion. Applications that emphasize studying cellular interactions through, cell adhesion, cell-cell interactions and extracellular matrix will be reviewed in ICI. Applications that emphasize these processes as related to vascular cells and processes will be reviewed in AVI.
AVI and Aging Systems and Geriatrics Study Section (ASG) have shared interests in aging. Applications in which the emphasis is on comorbidities including atherosclerosis and vascular inflammation as components with other geriatric syndromes will be reviewed in ASG. Applications that emphasize atherosclerosis-related mechanisms of vascular aging will be reviewed in AVI.
AVI and Cellular Aspects of Diabetes and Obesity (CADO) have shared interests in the investigation of adipose tissue depot biogenesis and remodeling. Applications that emphasize the modulation of adipocyte differentiation and function by vascular cells will be reviewed by CADO. Applications that emphasize the understanding vascular cells, atherosclerosis, or vascular inflammation in the context of obesity will be reviewed by AVI.
